OnthedeathofWilliamCareyIn1834Dr。JoshuaMarshmanpromisedtowritetheLifeofhisgreatcolleague，withwhomhehadheldalmostdailyconversesincethebeginningofthecentury，buthesurvivedtooshortatimetobeginthework。In1836theRev。

EustaceCareyanticipatedhimbyissuingwhatislittlebetterthanaselectionofmutilatedlettersandjournalsmadeattherequestoftheCommitteeoftheBaptistMissionarySociety。Itcontainsonepassageofvalue，however。Dr。Careyoncesaidtohisnephew，whosedesignheseemstohavesuspected，"Eustace，ifaftermyremovalanyoneshouldthinkitworthhiswhiletowritemyLife，Iwillgiveyouacriterionbywhichyoumayjudgeofitscorrectness。Ifhegivemecreditforbeingaplodderhewilldescribemejustly。

Anythingbeyondthiswillbetoomuch。Icanplod。Icanpersevereinanydefinitepursuit。TothisIoweeverything。"

In1859Mr。JohnMarshman，afterhisfinalreturntoEngland，publishedTheLifeandTimesofCarey，Marshman，andWard，avaluablehistoryanddefenceoftheSeramporeMission，butratherabiographyofhisfatherthanofCarey。

WhenIfirstwenttoSeramporethegreatmissionaryhadnotbeentwentyyearsdead。DuringmylongresidencethereasEditoroftheFriendofIndia，Icametoknow，inmostofitsdetails，thenatureoftheworkdonebyCareyforIndiaandforChristendominthefirstthirdofthecentury。IbegantocollectsuchmaterialsforhisBiographyasweretobefoundintheoffice，thepress，andthecollege，andamongtheNativeChristiansandBrahmanpunditswhomhehadinfluenced。InadditiontosuchmaterialsandexperienceIhavebeenfavouredwiththeuseofmanyunpublishedletterswrittenbyCareyorreferringtohim；forwhichcourtesyIheredesiretothankMrs。S。Carey，SouthBank，RedHill；FrederickGeorgeCarey，Esq。，LL。B。，ofLincoln'sInn；andtheRev。JonathanP。CareyofTiverton。

MyBiographiesofCareyofSerampore，HenryMartyn，DuffofCalcutta，andWilsonofBombay，coveraperiodofnearlyacenturyandaquarter，from1761to1878。TheyhavebeenwrittenascontributionstothathistoryoftheChristianChurchofIndiawhichoneofitsnativesonsmustsomedayattempt；andtothehistoryofEnglish-speakingpeoples，whomtheForeignMissionsbegunbyCareyhavemadetherulersandcivilisersofthenon-Christianworld。

CAREY'SCOLLEGE

1761-1785

TheHeartofEngland——TheWeaverCareywhobecameaPeer，andtheweaverwhowasfatherofWilliamCarey——EarlytraininginPaulerspury——Impressionsmadebyhimonhissister——Onhiscompanionsandthevillagers——Hisexperienceassonoftheparishclerk——ApprenticedtoashoemakerofHackleton——Poverty——FamousshoemakersfromAnnianusandCrispintoHansSachsandWhittier——FromPharisaismtoChrist——Thelastshallbefirst——Thedissentingpreacherintheparishclerk'shome——HestudiesLatin，GreekandHebrew，DutchandFrench——Thecobbler'sshedisCarey'sCollege。

WilliamCarey，thefirstofherownchildrenoftheReformationwhomEnglandsentforthasamissionarytoIndia，wherehebecamethemostextensivetranslatoroftheBibleandciviliser，wasthesonofaweaver，andwashimselfavillageshoemakertillhewastwenty-eightyearsofage。Hewasbornonthe17thAugust1761，intheverymidlandofEngland，intheheartofthedistrictwhichhadproducedShakspere，hadfosteredWyclifandHooker，hadbredFoxandBunyan，andhadforatimebeenthesceneofthelesserlightsofJohnMasonandDoddridge，ofJohnNewtonandThomasScott。WilliamCowper，thepoetofmissions，madethelandhischosenhome，writingHopeandTheTaskinOlney，whiletheshoemakerwasstudyingtheologyunderSutcliffontheoppositesideofthemarket-place。

ThomasClarkson，bornayearbeforeCarey，wasbeginninghisassaultsontheslave-tradebytranslatingintoEnglishhisLatinessayontheday-starofAfricanlibertywhentheshoemaker，whomnouniversityknew，waswritinghisEnquiryintotheObligationsofChristianstousemeansfortheConversionoftheHeathens。

WilliamCareyboreanamewhichhadslowlyfallenintoforgetfulnessafterservicestotheStewarts，withwhosecauseithadbeenidentified。ProfessorStephens，ofCopenhagen，tracesittotheScando-AnglianCar，CAERorCARE，whichbecameaplace-nameasCAR-EY。AmongscoresofneighbourscalledWilliam，WilliamofCar-eywouldsoonsinkintoCarey，andthiswouldagainbecomethefamilyname。InDenmarkthenameCar騟iscommon。TheoldestEnglishinstanceistheCarietwhocoinedmoneyinLondonfor苩helredII。in1016。Certainlythename，throughitsformsofCrew，Carew，Carey，andCary，stillprevailsontheIrishcoast——fromwhichdepressionoftradedrovethefamilyfirsttoYorkshire，thentotheNorthamptonshirevillageofYelvertoft，andfinallytoPaulerspury，farthersouth——aswellasoverthewholeDanegeltfromLincolnshiretoDevonshire。IfthustherewasNorsebloodinWilliamCareyitcameoutinhispersistentmissionarydaring，anditispleasanteventospeculateonthepossibilityofsuchanorigininonewhowasallhisIndianlifeindebtedtoDenmarkfortheprotectionwhichalonemadehiscareerpossible。

TheCareyswhobecamefamousinEnglishhistorysprangfromDevon。

Fortwoandahalfcenturies，fromthesecondRichardtothesecondCharles，theygavestatesmenandsoldiers，scholarsandbishops，totheserviceoftheircountry。HenryCarey，firstcousinofQueenElizabeth，wasthecommonancestoroftwoennobledhouseslongsinceextinct——theEarlsofDoverandtheEarlsofMonmouth。AthirdpeeragewonbytheCareyshasbeenmadehistoricbythepatrioticcounselsandself-sacrificingfateofViscountFalkland，whoserepresentativewasGovernorofBombayforatime。TwooftheheroicFalkland'sdescendants，agedladies，addressedapatheticlettertoParliamentaboutthetimethatthegreatmissionarydied，prayingthattheymightnotbedoomedtostarvationbybeingdeprivedofacrownpensionof？0ayear。TheolderbranchoftheCareysalsohadfallenoneviltimes，anditbecameextinctwhilethefuturemissionarywasyetfouryearsold。Theseventhlordwasaweaverwhenhesucceededtothetitle，andhediedchildless。TheeighthwasaDutchmanwhohadtobenaturalised，andhewasthelast。TheCareysfelllowerstill。OneofthemboretothebrilliantandrecklessMarquisofHalifax，HenryCarey，whowroteoneofthefewEnglishballadsthatlive。Another，thepoet'sgranddaughter，wasthemotherofEdmundKean，andheatfirstwasknownbyhernameonthestage。

AtthattimewhentheweaverbecamethelordthegrandfatherofthemissionarywasparishclerkandfirstschoolmasterofthevillageofPaulerspury，elevenmilessouthofNorthampton，andneartheancientpostingtownofTowcester，ontheoldRomanroadfromLondontoChester。Thefreeschoolwasattheeastor"churchend"ofthevillage，which，aftercrossingtheoldWatlingStreet，stragglesforamileoverasluggishburntothe"Puryend。"Oneson，Thomas，hadenlistedandwasinCanada。EdmundCarey，thesecond，setuptheloomonwhichhewovethewoollenclothknownas"tammy，"inatwo-storiedcottage。Therehiseldestchild，WILLIAM，wasborn，andlivedforsixyearstillhisfatherwasappointedschoolmaster，whenthefamilyremovedtothefreeschoolhouse。Thecottagewasdemolishedin1854byoneRichardLinnell，whoplacedonthestillmeanerstructurenowoccupyingthesitethememorialslabthatguidesmanyvisitorstothespot。Theschoolhouse，inwhichWilliamCareyspenttheeightmostimportantyearsofhischildhoodtillhewasfourteen，andtheschoolmadewayforthepresentprettybuildings。

Thevillagesurroundingsandthecountryscenerycolouredthewholeoftheboy'safterlife，anddidmuchtomakehimthefirstagriculturalimproverandnaturalistofBengal，whichhebecame。

ThelordshipofPirie，asitwascalledbyGitda，itsSaxonowner，wasgivenbytheConqueror，withmuchelse，tohisnaturalson，WilliamPeverel，asweseefromtheDomesdaysurvey。HisdescendantspasseditontoRobertdePaveli，whenceitspresentname，butinCarey'stimeitwasheldbythesecondEarlBathurst，whowasLordChancellor。UptotheveryschoolhousecametheroyalforestofWhittlebury，itswalksleadingnorthtothewoodsofSalcey，ofYardleyChaseandRockingham，fromthebeecheswhichgiveBuckinghamitsname。CareymusthaveoftensatundertheQueen'sOak，stillvenerableinitsrivenform，whereEdwardIV。，whenhunting，firstsawElizabeth，unhappymotherofthetwoprincesmurderedintheTower。Thesilentrobberyofthepeople'srightscalled"inclosures"hasdonemuch，beforeandsinceCarey'stime，tosweepawayorshutupthewoodlands。Thecountrymaybelessbeautiful，whilethepopulationhasgrownsothatPaulerspuryhasnownearlydoubletheeighthundredinhabitantsofacenturyago。

Butitsoolitichills，gentlyswellingtoabove700feet，andthevalleysofthemanyriverswhichflowfromthiscentralwatershed，westandeast，arecoveredwithfatvegetationalmostequallydividedbetweengrassandcorn，withgreencrops。Themanylargeestatesarerichingardensandorchards。Thefarmers，chieflyonsmallholdings，arefamousfortheirshorthornsandLeicestersheep。

Exceptfortherapidly-developingproductionofironfromtheLias，begunbytheRomans，thereisbutonemanufacture——thatofshoes。

ItisnowcentredbymodernmachineryandlabourarrangementsinNorthamptonitself，whichhas24，000shoemakers，andintheothertowns，butacenturyagothecraftwascommontoeveryhamlet。Forbotanyandagriculture，however，NorthamptonshirewasthefinestcountyinEngland，andyoungCareyhadtroddenmanyamileofit，asboyandman，beforehelefthomeforeverforBengal。

Twounfinishedautobiographicalsketches，writtenfromIndiaattherequestofFullerandofRyland，andlettersofhisyoungestsisterMary，hisfavourite"Polly"whosurvivedhim，havepreservedforusinstillvividcharactersthedetailsoftheearlytrainingofWilliamCarey。Hewastheeldestoffivechildren。Hewasthespecialcareoftheirgrandmother，awomanofadelicatenatureanddevouthabits，whoclosedhersadwidowhoodintheweaver-son'scottage。Encompassedbysuchalivinginfluencethegrandsonspenthisfirstsixyears。Alreadythechildunconsciouslyshowedtheeagerthirstforknowledge，andperseveranceinattaininghisobject，whichmadehimchieflywhathebecame。Hismotherwouldoftenbeawokeinthenightbythepleasantlispingofavoice"castingaccompts；sointentwashefromchildhoodinthepursuitofknowledge。Whateverhebeganhefinished；difficultiesneverseemedtodiscouragehismind。"Onremovaltotheancestralschoolhousetheboyhadaroomtohimself。Hissisterdescribesitasfullofinsectsstuckineverycornerthathemightobservetheirprogress。

Hismanybirdsheentrustedtohercarewhenhewasfromhome。Inthispictureweseetheexactforeshadowingoftheman。"ThoughI

oftenusedtokillhisbirdsbykindness，yetwhenhesawmygriefforithealwaysindulgedmewiththepleasureofservingthemagain；andoftentookmeoverthedirtiestroadstogetataplantoraninsect。Heneverwalkedout，Ithink，whenquiteaboy，withoutobservationonthehedgesashepassed；andwhenhetookupaplantofanykindhealwaysobserveditwithcare。ThoughIwasbutachildIwellrememberhispursuits。Healwaysseemedinearnestinhisrecreationsaswellasinschool。Hewasgenerallyoneofthemostactiveinalltheamusementsandrecreationsthatboysingeneralpursue。Hewasalwaysbelovedbytheboysabouthisownage。"Toclimbacertaintreewastheobjectoftheirambition；

hefelloftenintheattempt，butdidnotresttillhehadsucceeded。HisUnclePeterwasagardenerinthesamevillage，andgavehimhisfirstlessonsinbotanyandhorticulture。Hesoonbecameresponsibleforhisfather'sofficialgarden，tillitwasthebestkeptintheneighbourhood。Whereverafterthathelived，asboyorman，poororincomfort，WilliamCareymadeandperfectedhisgarden，andalwaysforothers，untilhecreatedatSeramporethebotanicalparkwhichformorethanhalfacenturywasuniqueinSouthernAsia。

WehaveinaletterfromtheManse，Paulerspury，atraditionoftheimpressionmadeonthedullrusticsbythedawninggeniusoftheyouthwhomtheybutdimlycomprehended。HewentamongstthemunderthenicknameofColumbus，andtheywouldsay，"Well，ifyouwon'tplay，preachusasermon，"whichhewoulddo。Mountingonanolddwarfwitch-elmaboutsevenfeethigh，whereseveralcouldsit，hewouldholdforth。Thisseemstohavebeenaresortofhisforreading，hisfavouriteoccupation。Thesameauthoritytellshow，whensufferingtoothache，heallowedhiscompanionstodragthetoothfromhisheadwithaviolentjerk，bytyingarounditastringattachedtoawheelusedtogrindmalt，towhichtheygaveasharpturn。

Theboy'sownpeculiarroomwasalittlelibraryaswellasmuseumofnaturalhistory。Hepossessedafewbooks，whichindeedweremanyforthosedays，butheborrowedmorefromthewholecountry-side。Recallingtheeightyearsofhisintellectualapprenticeshiptillhewasfourteen，fromthesereneheightofhismissionarystandard，hewrotelongafter：——"Ichosetoreadbooksofscience，history，voyages，etc。，morethananyothers。Novelsandplaysalwaysdisgustedme，andIavoidedthemasmuchasIdidbooksofreligion，andperhapsfromthesamemotive。Iwasbetterpleasedwithromances，andthiscircumstancemademereadthePilgrim'sProgresswitheagerness，thoughtonopurpose。"Thenewera，ofwhichhewastobetheaggressivespiritualrepresentativefromChristendom，hadnotdawned。WalterScottwastenyearshisjunior。

CaptainCookhadnotdiscoveredtheSandwichIslands，andwasonlyreturningfromthesecondofhisthreevoyageswhileCareywasstillatschool。Thechurchservicesandthewatchfulnessofhisfathersuppliedthedirectlymoraltrainingwhichhisgrandmotherhadbegun。

ThePaulerspurylivingofSt。JamesisavaluablerectoryinthegiftofNewCollege，Oxford。OriginallybuiltinEarlyEnglish，andrebuiltin1844，thechurchmusthavepresentedastillmorevenerableappearanceacenturyagothanitdoesnow，withitsnobletowerinthePerpendicular，andchancelintheDecoratedstyle，dominatingallthecounty。Then，asstill，effigiesofaPaveliandhiswife，andofSirArthurThrockmortonandhiswiferecumbentheadtohead，coveredalargealtar-tombinthechancel，andwiththeBathurstandothermonumentscalledforthfirstthefearandthentheprideoftheparishclerk'seldestson。Inthosedaystheclerkhadjustbelowthepulpitthedeskfromwhichhissonorous"Amen"

soundedforth，whilehisfamilyoccupiedalowgalleryrisingfromthesamelevelupbehindthepulpit。Theretheboysofthefreeschoolalsocouldbeunderthemaster'seye，andwithinstrumentsofmusiclikethoseofKingDavid，butnowbanishedfromevenvillagechurches，wouldaccompanyhiminthedoggerelstrainsofSternholdandHopkins，immortalisedbyCowper。Tothefarrighttheboyscouldseeandlongfortheropesunderthetower，inwhichthebell-ringersofhisday，asofBunyan'snotlongbefore，delighted。

ThepreachingofthetimedidnothingmoreforyoungCareythanfortherestofEnglandandScotland，whomtheparishchurchhadnotdrivenintodissentorsecession。ButhecouldnothelpknowingthePrayer-Book，andespeciallyitspsalmsandlessons，andhewasdulyconfirmed。Thefamilytraining，too，wasexceptionallyscriptural，thoughnotevangelical。"Ihadmanystirringsofmindoccasionedbybeingoftenobligedtoreadbooksofareligiouscharacter；and，havingbeenaccustomedfrommyinfancytoreadtheScriptures，Ihadaconsiderableacquaintancetherewith，especiallywiththehistoricalparts。"Thefirstresultwastomakehimdespisedissenters。But，undoubtedly，thiseldestsonoftheschoolmasterandtheclerkoftheparishhadatfourteenreceivedaneducationfromparents，nature，andbookswhich，withhishabitsofobservation，loveofreading，andperseverance，madehimbetterinstructedthanmostboysoffourteenfarabovethepeasantclasstowhichhebelonged。

Buriedinthisobscurevillageinthedullestperiodofthedullestofallcenturies，theboyhadnobetterprospectbeforehimthanthatofaweaverorlabourer，orpossiblyaschoolmasterlikeoneofhisunclesintheneighbouringtownofTowcester。Whentwelveyearsofage，withhisunclethere，hemighthaveformedoneofthecrowdwhichlistenedtoJohnWesley，who，in1773andthenagedseventy，visitedtheprosperouspostingtown。Paulerspurycouldindeedboastofoneson，EdwardBernard，D。D。，who，twocenturiesbefore，hadmadeforhimselfanameinOxford，wherehewasSavilianProfessorofAstronomy。ButCareywasnotaScotsman，andthereforetheuniversitywasnotforsuchashe。Likehisschool-fellows，heseemedborntotheEnglishlabourer'sfateoffiveshillingsaweek，andthepoorhouseinsicknessandoldage。Fromthis，inthefirstinstance，hewassavedbyadiseasewhichaffectedhisfaceandhandsmostpainfullywheneverhewaslongexposedtothesun。Forsevenyearshehadfailedtofindrelief。Hisattemptatworkinthefieldwerefortwoyearsfollowedbydistressingagonyatnight。

Hewasnowsixteen，andhisfathersoughtoutagoodmanwhowouldreceivehimasapprenticetotheshoemakingtrade。Themanwasnotdifficulttofind，inthehamletofHackleton，ninemilesoff，inthepersonofoneClarkeNichols。Theladafterwardsdescribedhimas"astrictchurchmanand，whatIthought，averymoralman。Itistruehesometimesdrankrathertoofreely，andgenerallyemployedmeincarryingoutgoodsontheLord'sDaymorning；buthewasaninveterateenemytolying，avicetowhichIwasawfullyaddicted。"

Theseniorapprenticewasadissenter，andthemasterandhisboysgavemuchofthetalkovertheirworktodisputesuponreligioussubjects。Carey"hadalwayslookedupondissenterswithcontempt。

Ihad，moreover，ashareofpridesufficientforathousandtimesmyknowledge；Ithereforealwaysscornedtohavetheworstinanargument，andthelastwordwasassuredlymine。Ialsomadeupinpositiveassertionwhatwaswantinginargument，andgenerallycameoffwithtriumph。ButIwasoftenconvincedafterwardsthatalthoughIhadthelastwordmyantagonisthadthebetteroftheargument，andonthataccountfeltagrowinguneasinessandstingsofconsciencegraduallyincreasing。"ThedissentingapprenticewassoontobethefirsttoleadhimtoChrist。

WilliamCareywasashoemakerduringthetwelveyearsofhislifefromsixteentotwenty-eight，tillhewenttoLeicester。Poverty，whichthegraceofGodusedtomakehimapreacheralsofromhiseighteenthyear，compelledhimtoworkwithhishandsinleatheralltheweek，andtotrampmanyawearymiletoNorthamptonandKetteringcarryingtheproductofhislabour。Atonetime，whenministerofMoulton，hekeptaschoolbyday，madeorcobbledshoesbynight，andpreachedonSunday。SoPaulhadmadetentsofhisnativeCiliciangoatskininthedayswheninfantChristianitywaschasedfromcitytocity，andthecrosswasareproachonlylessbitter，however，thanevangelicaldissentinChristianEnglandintheeighteenthcentury。TheprovidencewhichmadeandkeptyoungCareysolongashoemaker，puthimintheverypositioninwhichhecouldmostfruitfullyreceiveandnursethesacredfirethatmadehimthemostlearnedscholarandBibletranslatorofhisdayintheEast。ThesameprovidencethuslinkedhimtotheearliestLatinmissionariesofAlexandria，ofAsiaMinor，andofGaul，whowereshoemakers，andtoasuccessionofscholarsanddivines，poetsandcritics，reformersandphilanthropists，whohaveusedtheshoemaker'slifetobecomeillustrious。1St。Markchoseforhissuccessor，asfirstbishopofAlexandria，thatAnnianuswhomhehadbeenthemeansofconvertingtoChristwhenhefoundhimatthecobbler'sstall。TheTalmudcommemoratesthecourageandthewisdomof"RabbiJochanan，theshoemaker，"whoselearningsoonafterfoundaparallelinCarey's。LikeAnnianus，"apoorshoemakernamedAlexander，despisedintheworldbutgreatinthesightofGod，whodidhonourtosoexaltedastationintheChurch，"becamefamousasBishopofComanainCappadocia，assaint，preacher，andmissionary-martyr。SoonafterthereperishedinthepersecutionsofDiocletian，atSoissons，thetwomissionarybrotherswhosenameofCrispinhaseversincebeengloriedinbythetrade，whichtheychoseatonceasameansoflivelihoodandofhelpingtheirpoorconverts。TheHackletonapprenticewasstillachildwhenthegreatGoethewasagainaddingtothethenartificialliteratureofhiscountryhisowntruepredecessor，HansSachs，theshoemakerofN黵nberg，thefriendofLuther，themeistersingeroftheReformation。AnditwasanotherGermanshoemaker，Boehme，whoseexaltedtheosophyasexpoundedbyWilliamLawbecameonelinkinthechainthatdrewCareytoChrist，asitinfluencedWesleyandWhitefield，SamuelJohnsonandColeridge。GeorgeFoxwasonlynineteenwhen，aftereightyears'servicewithashoemakerinDrayton，Leicestershire，notfarfromCarey'scounty，heheardthevoicefromheavenwhichsenthimforthin1643topreachrighteousness，temperance，andjudgmenttocome，tillCromwellsoughtconversewithhim，andtheFriendsbecameapoweramongmen。

Carlylehas，incharacteristicstyle，seizedonthetruemeaningthatwasinthemanwhenhemadetohimselfasuitofleatherandbecamethemodernheroofSartorResartus。ThewordsfitWilliamCarey'scaseevenbetterthanthatofGeorgeFox：——"Sittinginhisstall，workingontannedhides，amidpincers，paste-horns，rosin，swine-bristles，andanamelessfloodofrubbish，thisyouthhadneverthelessaLivingSpiritbelongingtohim；alsoanantiqueInspiredVolume，throughwhich，asthroughawindow，itcouldlookupwardsanddiscernitscelestialHome。"That"shoe-shop，hadmenknownit，wasaholierplacethananyVaticanorLoretto-shrine……Stitchaway，everyprickofthatlittleinstrumentisprickingintotheheartofslavery。"Thirty-sixyearsafterFoxhadbeguntowearhisleatherndoublethedirectedallFriendseverywherethathadIndiansorblackstopreachtheGospeltothem。

Butitwouldbetoolongtotellthelistofworkersinwhathasbeencalledthegentlecraft，whomthecobbler'sstall，withitspeculiaropportunitiesforrhythmicmeditation，hardthinking，andoftharderdebating，haspreparedforthehonoursofliteratureandscholarship，ofphilanthropyandreform。TomentiononlyCarey'scontemporaries，thecareerofthesemenranparallelathomewithhisabroad——ThomasShillitoe，whostoodbeforemagistrates，bishops，andsuchsovereignsasGeorgeIII。andIV。andtheCzarAlexanderI。

intheinterestsofsocialreform；andJohnPounds，thepictureofwhomasthefounderofraggedschoolsledThomasGuthrie，whenhestumbledonitinaninninAnstruther，todothesameChristlikeworkinScotland。Coleridge，whowhenatChrist'sHospitalwasambitioustobeashoemaker'sapprentice，wasrightwhenhedeclaredthatshoemakershadgiventotheworldalargernumberofeminentmenthananyotherhandicraft。Whittier'sownearlyexperienceinMassachusettsfittedhimtobethepoet-laureateofthecraftwhichforsomeyearsheadorned。HisSongsofLabour，publishedin1850，containthebestEnglishlinesonshoemakerssinceShakspereputintothemouthofKingHenryV。theaddressontheeveofAgincourt，whichbegins："ThisdayiscalledthefeastofCrispin。"ButWhittier，Quaker，philanthropist，andcountrymanofJudsonthoughhewas，mighthavefoundaplaceforCareywhenhesangsowellofothers：——

"Thysongs，HansSachs，arelivingyet，InstrongandheartyGerman；

AndBloomfield'slayandGifford'switAndpatriotfameofSherman；

"Stillfromhisbook，amysticseer，ThesoulofBehmenteaches，AndEngland'spriestcraftshakestohearOfFox'sleathernbreeches。"

TheconfessionsofCarey，madeinthespiritualhumilityandself-examinationofhislaterlife，formaparalleltotheGraceAboundingtotheChiefofSinners，thelittleclassicofJohnBunyansecondonlytohisPilgrim'sProgress。TheyoungPharisee，whoenteredHackletonwithsuchhateinhishearttodissentersthathewouldhavedestroyedtheirmeeting-place，whopractised"lying，swearing，andothersins，"graduallyyieldedsofartohisbrotherapprentice'simportunityastoleavetheseoff，totrytopraysometimeswhenalone，toattendchurchthreetimesaday，andtovisitthedissentingprayer-meeting。LikethezealotwhothoughttodoGodservicebykeepingthewholelaw，Careylivedthusforatime，"notdoubtingbutthiswouldproduceeaseofmindandmakemeacceptabletoGod。"WhatrevealedhimtohimselfwasanincidentwhichhetellsinlanguagerecallingatonceAugustineandoneofthesubtlestsketchesofGeorgeEliot，inwhichthelatterusesherhalf-knowledgeofevangelicalfaithtostabtheverytruththatdeliveredPaulandAugustine，BunyanandCarey，fromtheantinomianismofthePharisee：——

"AcircumstancewhichIalwaysreflectonwithamixtureofhorrorandgratitudeoccurredaboutthistime，which，thoughgreatlytomydishonour，Imustrelate。ItbeingcustomaryinthatpartofthecountryforapprenticestocollectChristmasboxes[donations]fromthetradesmenwithwhomtheirmastershavedealings，Iwaspermittedtocollecttheselittlesums。WhenIappliedtoanironmonger，hegavemethechoiceofashillingorasixpence；Iofcoursechosetheshilling，andputtingitinmypocket，wentaway。WhenIhadgotafewshillingsmynextcarewastopurchasesomelittlearticlesformyself，Ihaveforgottenwhat。Butthen，tomysorrow，Ifoundthatmyshillingwasabrassone。IpaidforthethingswhichIboughtbyusingashillingofmymaster's。InowfoundthatIhadexceededmystockbyafewpence。Iexpectedseverereproachesfrommymaster，andthereforecametotheresolutiontodeclarestrenuouslythatthebadmoneywashis。IwellrememberthestrugglesofmindwhichIhadonthisoccasion，andthatImadethisdeliberatesinamatterofprayertoGodasIpassedoverthefieldstowardshome！Itherepromisedthat，ifGodwouldbutgetmeclearlyoverthis，or，inotherwords，helpmethroughwiththetheft，Iwouldcertainlyforthefutureleaveoffallevilpractices；butthistheftandconsequentlyingappearedtomesonecessary，thattheycouldnotbedispensedwith。

"AgraciousGoddidnotgetmesafethrough。Mymastersenttheotherapprenticetoinvestigatethematter。Theironmongeracknowledgedthegivingmetheshilling，andIwasthereforeexposedtoshame，reproach，andinwardremorse，whichpreyeduponmymindforaconsiderabletime。IatthistimesoughttheLord，perhapsmuchmoreearnestlythanever，butwithshameandfear。Iwasquiteashamedtogoout，andnever，tillIwasassuredthatmyconductwasnotspreadoverthetown，didIattendaplaceofworship。

"Itrustthat，underthesecircumstances，IwasledtoseemuchmoreofmyselfthanIhadeverdonebefore，andtoseekformercywithgreaterearnestness。Iattendedprayer-meetingsonly，however，tillFebruary10，1779，whichbeingappointedadayoffastingandprayer，Iattendedworshiponthatday。Mr。Chater[congregationalist]ofOlneypreached，butfromwhattextIhaveforgotten。HeinsistedmuchonfollowingChristentirely，andenforcedhisexhortationwiththatpassage，'Letusthereforegooutuntohimwithoutthecamp，bearinghisreproach。'——Heb。xiii。13。I

thinkIhadadesiretofollowChrist；butoneideaoccurredtomymindonhearingthosewordswhichbrokemeofffromtheChurchofEngland。Theideawascertainlyverycrude，butusefulinbringingmefromattendingalifeless，carnalministrytoonemoreevangelical。IconcludedthattheChurchofEngland，asestablishedbylaw，wasthecampinwhichallwereprotectedfromthescandalofthecross，andthatIoughttobearthereproachofChristamongthedissenters；andaccordinglyIalwaysafterwardsattendeddivineworshipamongthem。"

AteighteenCareywasthusemptiedofselfandtherewasroomforChrist。InaneighbouringvillageheconsortedmuchforatimewithsomefollowersofWilliamLaw，whohadnotlongbeforepassedawayinavillageintheneighbourhood，andselectpassagesfromwhosewritingstheMoravianminister，FrancisOkely，ofNorthampton，hadversified。Thesecompletedthenegativeprocess。"Ifeltruinedandhelpless。"Thentohisspiritualeyes，purgedofself，thereappearedtheCrucifiedOne；andtohisspiritualintelligencetherewasgiventheWordofGod。ThechangewasthatwroughtonPaulbyaLivingPerson。ItconvertedthehypocriticalPhariseeintotheevangelicalpreacher；itturnedtheviciouspeasantintothemostself-denyingsaint；itsentthevillageshoemakerfarofftotheHindoos。

Buttheprocesswasslow；ithadbeensoeveninPaul'scase。CareyfoundencouragementinintercoursewithsomeoldChristiansinHackleton，andheunitedwithafewofthem，includinghisfellow-apprentice，informingacongregationalchurch。Thestateoftheparishmaybeimaginedfromitsrecenthistory。HackletonispartofPiddington，andthesquirehadlongappropriatedthelivingof？00ayear，theparsonage，theglebe，andalltithes，sendinghishouseminister"attimes"tododuty。ACertificatefromNorthamptonshire，againstthepluralitiesandothersuchscandals，publishedin1641，declaredthatnotachildorservantinHackletonorPiddingtoncouldsaytheLord'sPrayer。CareysoughtthepreachingofDoddridge'ssuccessoratNorthampton，ofaBaptistministeratRoad，andofScottthecommentator，thenatRavenstone。

Hehadfoundpeace，butwastheologically"inquisitiveandunsatisfied。"Fortunately，likeLuther，he"wasobligedtodrawallfromtheBiblealone。"

When，attwentyyearsofage，Careywasslowlypiecingtogether"thedoctrinesintheWordofGod"intosomethinglikeasystemwhichwouldatoncesatisfyhisownspiritualandintellectualneeds，andhelphimtopreachtoothers，alittlevolumewaspublished，ofwhichhewrote：——"Idonotrememberevertohavereadanybookwithsuchraptures。"ItwasHelptoZion'sTravellers；beinganattempttoremovevariousStumbling-BlocksoutoftheWay，relatingtoDoctrinal，Experimental，andPracticalReligion，byRobertHall。ThewriterwasthefatherofthegreaterRobertHall，avenerableman，who，inhisvillagechurchofArnsby，nearLeicester，hadalreadytaughtCareyhowtopreach。Thebookisdescribedasan"attempttorelievediscouragedChristians"inadayofgloominessandperplexity，thattheymightdevotethemselvestoChristthroughlifeaswellasbefoundinHimindeath。Careymadeacarefulsynopsisofitinanexquisitelyneathandonthemarginofeachpage。Theworm-eatencopy，whichhetreasuredeveninIndia，isnowdepositedinBristolCollege。

ACalvinistofthebroadmissionarytypeofPaul，Careysomewhatsuddenly，accordingtohisownaccount，becameaBaptist。"IdonotrecollecthavingreadanythingonthesubjecttillIappliedtoMr。

Ryland，senior，tobaptiseme。Helentmeapamphlet，andturnedmeovertohisson，"whothustoldthestorywhentheBaptistMissionarySocietyhelditsfirstpublicmeetinginLondon：——"October5th，1783：IbaptisedintheriverNen，alittlebeyondDr。Doddridge'smeeting-houseatNorthampton，apoorjourneymanshoemaker，littlethinkingthatbeforenineyearshadelapsed，hewouldprovethefirstinstrumentofformingasocietyforsendingmissionariesfromEnglandtopreachthegospeltotheheathen。Such，however，astheeventhasproved，wasthepurposeoftheMostHigh，whoselectedforthisworknotthesonofoneofourmostlearnedministers，norofoneofthemostopulentofourdissentinggentlemen，butthesonofaparishclerk。"

Thespotmaystillbevisitedatthefootofthehill，wheretheNenfedthemoatoftheoldcastle，inwhichmanyaParliamentsatfromthedaysofKingJohn。Thetextofthatmorning'ssermonhappenedtobetheLord'ssaying，"Manyfirstshallbelast，andthelastfirst，"whichassertsHisabsolutesovereigntyinchoosingandinrewardingHismissionaries，andintroducestheparableofthelabourersinthevineyard。AsCareywroteinthefulnessofhisfame，thattheevangelicaldoctrinescontinuedtobethechoiceofhisheart，soheneverwaveredinhispreferencefortheBaptistdivisionoftheChristianhost。ButfromthefirstheenjoyedthefriendshipofScottandNewton，andofhisneighbourMr。RobinsonofSt。Mary's，Leicester，andweshallseehiminIndiathecentreoftheEpiscopalandPresbyterianchaplainsandmissionariesfromMartynWilsontoLacroixandDuff。Hiscontroversialspiritdiedwiththeyouthfulconceitandself-righteousnessofwhichitissooftenthebirth。Whenateighteenhelearnedtoknowhimself，hebecameforeverhumble。Azeallikethatofhisnew-foundMastertookitsplace，andalltheenergyofhisnature，everymomentofhistime，wasdirectedtosettingHimforth。

Inhismonthlyvisitstothefather-houseatPaulerspurythenewmaninhimcouldnotbehid。Hissistergivesusavividsketchofthelad，whosegoingovertothedissenterswasresentedbytheformalandsternclerk，andwhoseevangelicalismwasareproachtotheothers。

"Atthistimehewasincreasinglythoughtful，andverywasjealousfortheLordofHosts。LikeGideon，heseemedforthrowingdownallthealtarsofBaalinonenight。Whenhecamehomeweusedtowonderatthechange。Weknewthatbeforehewasratherinclinedtopersecutethefaithhenowseemedtowishtopropagate。Atfirst，perhaps，hiszealexceededtheboundsofprudence；buthefelttheimportanceofthingswewerestrangersto，andhisnaturaldispositionwastopursueearnestlywhatheundertook，sothatitwasnottobewonderedat，thoughwewonderedatthechange。Hestoodaloneinhisfather'shouseforsomeyears。Afteratimeheaskedpermissiontohavefamilyprayerwhenhecamehometoseeus，afavourwhichheveryreadilyhadgranted。OftenhaveIfeltmypriderisewhilehewasengagedinprayer，atthementionofthosewordsinIsaiah，'thatallourrighteousnesswaslikefilthyrags。'

Ididnotthinkhethoughthisso，butlookedonmeandthefamilyasfilthy，nothimselfandhisparty。Oh，whatprideisinthehumanheart！Nothingbutmylovetomybrotherwouldhavekeptmefromshowingmyresentment。"

"AfewofthefriendsofreligionwishedourbrothertoexercisehisgiftsbyspeakingtoafewfriendsinahouselicensedatPury；

whichhedidwithgreatacceptance。Thenextmorninganeighbourofours，averypiouswoman，cameintocongratulatemymotherontheoccasion，andtospeakoftheLord'sgoodnessincallingherson，andmybrother，twosuchnearneighbours，tothesamenoblecalling。

Mymotherreplied，'What，doyouthinkhewillbeapreacher？'

'Yes，'shereplied，'andagreatone，Ithink，ifspared。'FromthattimetillhewassettledatMoultonheregularlypreachedonceamonthatPurywithmuchacceptance。Hewasatthattimeinhistwentiethyear，andmarried。Ourparentswerealwaysfriendlytoreligion；yet，onsomeaccounts，weshouldratherhavewishedhimtogofromhomethancomehometopreach。IdonotthinkIeverheardhim，thoughmyyoungerbrotherandmysister，Ithink，generallydid。Ourfathermuchwishedtohearhisson，ifhecoulddoitunseenbyhimoranyone。Itwasnotlongbeforeanopportunityoffered，andheembracedit。Thoughhewasamanthatneverdiscoveredanypartialityfortheabilitiesofhischildren，butrathersometimeswenttoofarontheotherhand，thatoftentendedalittletodiscouragethem，yetwewereconvincedthatheapprovedofwhatheheard，andwashighlygratifiedbyit。"

InHackletonitselfhisexpositionsofScriptureweresovaluedthatthepeople，hewrites，"beingignorant，sometimesapplaudedtomygreatinjury。"Wheninpoverty，sodeepthathefastedallthatdaybecausehehadnotapennytobuyadinner，heattendedameetingoftheAssociationofBaptistChurchesatOlney，notfaroff。Therehefirstmetwithhislifelongcolleague，thefuturesecretaryofthemission，AndrewFuller，theyoungministerofSoham，whopreachedonbeingmeninunderstanding，andthereitwasarrangedthatheshouldpreachregularlytoasmallcongregationatEarlsBarton，sixmilesfromHackleton。Hisnew-bornhumilitymadehimunabletorefusetheduty，whichhedischargedformorethanthreeyearswhilefillinghiscobbler'sstallatHackletonalltheweek，andfrequentlypreachingelsewherealso。ThesecretofhispowerwhichdrewtheNorthamptonshirepeasantsandcraftsmentothefeetoftheirfellowwasthis，thathestudiedtheportionofScripture，whichhereadeverymorningathisprivatedevotions，inHebrew，Greek，andLatin。

ThiswasCarey's"college。"Onthedeathofhisfirstmaster，whenhewaseighteen，hehadtransferredhisapprenticeshiptoaMr。T。

Old。HackletonstandsonthehighroadfromBedfordandOlneytoNorthampton，andThomasScottwasinthehabitofrestingatMr。

Old'sonhisnotinfrequentwalksfromOlney，wherehehadsucceededJohnNewton。Therehehadnomoreattentivelistenerorintelligenttalkerthanthenewjourneyman，whohadbeenmoreinfluencedbyhispreachingatRavenstonethanbythatofanyotherman。Fortyyearsafter，justbeforeScott'sdeath，Dr。RylandgavehimthismessagefromCarey：——"IftherebeanythingoftheworkofGodinmysoul，I

owemuchofittohispreachingwhenIfirstsetoutinthewaysoftheLord；"towhichthisreplywassent："IamsurprisedaswellasgratifiedatyourmessagefromDr。Carey。Heheardmepreachonlyafewtimes，andthatasfarasIknowinmyratherirregularexcursions；thoughIoftenconversedandprayedinhispresence，andendeavouredtoanswerhissensibleandpertinentinquirieswhenatHackleton。Buttohavesuggestedevenasingleusefulhinttosuchamindashismustbeconsideredasahighprivilegeandmatterofgratitude。"Scotthadpreviouslywrittenthismoredetailedaccountofhisintercoursewiththepreachingshoemaker，whomhefirstsawwhenhecalledonMr。Oldtotellhimofthewelfareofhismother：

"WhenIwentintothecottageIwassoonrecognised，andMr。Oldcamein，withasensible-lookingladinhisworking-dress。Iatfirstratherwonderedtoseehimenter，asheseemedyoung，being，I

believe，littleofhisage。We，however，enteredintoveryinterestingconversation，especiallyrespectingmyparishioner，theirrelative，andtheexcellentstateofhermind，andthewonderofdivinegraceintheconversionofonewhohadbeensoverymanyyearsconsideredasaself-righteousPharisee。IbelieveI

endeavouredtoshowthatthetermwasoftenimproperlyappliedtoconscientiousbutignorantinquirers，whoarefarfromself-satisfied，andwho，whentheGospelissetbeforethem，findthethingwhichtheyhadlongbeengropingafter。Howeverthatmaybe，IobservedtheladwhoenteredwithMr。Oldrivetedinattentionwitheverymarkandsymptomofintelligenceandfeeling；sayinglittle，butmodestlyaskingnowandthenanappropriatequestion。I

tookoccasion，beforeIwentforward，toinquireafterhim，andfoundthat，youngashewas，hewasamemberofthechurchatHackleton，andlookeduponasaveryconsistentandpromisingcharacter。IlivedatOlneytilltheendof1785；andinthecourseofthattimeIcalledperhapstwoorthreetimeseachyearatMr。

Old's，andwaseachtimemoreandmorestruckwiththeyouth'sconduct，thoughIsaidlittle；but，beforeIleftOlney，Mr。CareywasoutofhisengagementwithMr。Old。Ifoundalsothathewassentoutasaprobationarypreacher，andpreachedatMoulton；andI

saidtoalltowhomIhadaccess，thathewould，ifIcouldjudge，provenoordinaryman。Yet，thoughIoftenmetbotholdMr。Ryland，thepresentDr。Ryland，Mr。Hall，Mr。Fuller，andknewalmosteverysteptakeninformingyourMissionarySociety，andthoughI

sometimespreachedverynearMoulton，itsohappenedthatIdonotrecollecthavingmetwithhimanymore，tillhecametomyhouseinLondonwithMr。Thomas，todesiremetousewhatlittleinfluenceI

hadwithCharlesGrant，Esq。，toprocurethemlicencetogointheCompany'sshipsasmissionariestotheBritishsettlementsinIndia，perhapsin1792。Mylittleinfluencewasofnoavail。WhatIsaidofMr。CareysofarsatisfiedMr。Grantthathesaid，ifMr。Careywasgoingalone，orwithoneequallytobedependedonalongwithhim，hewouldnotopposehim；buthisstrongdisapprobationofMr。

T。，onwhatgroundIknewnot，inducedhisnegative。IbelieveMr。

OlddiedsoonafterIleftOlney，ifnotjustbefore；andhisshop，whichwasalittlebuildingapartfromthehouse，wassufferedtogotodecay。WhileinthisstateIseveraltimespassedit，andsaidtomysonsandotherswithme，thatisMr。Carey'scollege。"

Thiscobbler'sshedwhichwasCarey'scollegehasbeensincerestored，buttwooftheoriginalwallsstillstand，formingthecornerinwhichhesat，oppositethewindowthatlooksoutintothegardenhecarefullykept。Here，whenhissecondmasterdied，Careysucceededtothebusiness，charginghimselfwiththecareofthewidow，andmarryingthewidow'ssister，DorothyorDollyPlacket。

Hewasonlytwentywhenhetookuponhimselfsuchburdens，intheneighbouringchurchofPiddington，avillagetowhichheafterwardsmovedhisshop。Neverhadminister，missionary，orscholaralesssympatheticmate，duelargelytothatlatentmentaldiseasewhichinIndiacarriedheroff；butformorethantwentyyearsthehusbandshowedherlovingreverence。AswestandintheHackletonshed，overwhichCareyplacedtherudesignboardpreparedbyhisownhands，andnowinthelibraryofRegent'sParkCollege，"SecondHandShoesBoughtand——，"2wecanrealisethelowestatetowhichCareyfell，evenbelowhisfather'sloomandschoolhouse，andfromwhichhewascalledtobecometheapostleofNorthIndiaasSchwartzwasoftheSouth。

Howwasthisshedhiscollege？Wehaveseenthathebroughtwithhimfromhisnativevillageanamountofinformation，habitsofobservation，andaknowledgeofbooksunusualinrusticsofthatday，andevenofthepresenttime。Attwelvehemadehisfirstacquaintancewithalanguageotherthanhisown，whenhemasteredtheshortgrammarinDyche'sLatineVocabulary，andcommittednearlythewholebooktomemory。WhenurginghimtotakethepreachingatBarton，Mr。SutcliffofOlneygavehimRuddiman'sLatinGrammar。

TheonealleviationofhislotunderthecoarsebutuprightNicholswasfoundinhismaster'ssmalllibrary。TherehebegantostudyGreek。InaNewTestamentcommentaryhefoundGreekwords，whichhecarefullytranscribedandkeptuntilheshouldnextvisithome，whereayouthwhomdissipationhadreducedfromcollegetoweavingexplainedboththewordsandtheirterminationstohim。Allthathewantedwassuchbeginnings。Hebrewheseemstohavelearnedbytheaidoftheneighbouringministers；borrowingbooksfromthem，andquestioningthem"pertinently，"ashedidScott。3AttheendofHopkins'sThreeSermonsontheEffectsofSinontheUniverse，preachedin1759，hehadmadethisentryon9thAugust1787——"Gulielm。Careiusperlegit。"HestarvedhimselftopurchaseafewbooksatthesalewhichattendedDr。Ryland'sremovalfromNorthamptontoBristol。Inanoldwoman'scottagehefoundaDutchquarto，andfromthathesotaughthimselfthelanguagethatin1789

hetranslatedforRylandadiscourseontheGospelOffersenttohimbytheevangelicalDr。ErskineofEdinburgh。Themanuscriptisinanextremelysmallcharacter，unlikewhatmighthavebeenexpectedfromonewhohadwroughtwithhishandsforeightyears。Frenchheacquired，sufficientlyforliterarypurposes，inthreeweeksfromtheFrenchversionofDittonontheResurrection，whichhepurchasedforafewcoppers。HehadthelinguisticgiftwhichsoonaftermadetheyoungcarpenterMezzofantiofBolognafamousandacardinal。

Butthegiftwouldhavebeenburiedinthegraveofhispenuryandhiscircumstanceshadhistradebeenalmostanyother，andhadhenotbeenimpelledbythemostpowerfulofallmotives。Heneversatonhisstallwithouthisbookbeforehim，nordidhepainfullytoilwithhiswalletofnew-madeshoestotheneighbouringtownsorreturnwithleatherwithoutconningoverhislately-acquiredknowledge，andmakingitforever，inorderlyarray，hisown。HesotaughthiseveningschoolandhisSundaycongregationsthattheteachingtohim，likewritingtoothers，stereotypedorlightedupthetruths。Indeed，theschoolandthecobblingoftenwentontogether——afactcommemoratedintheadditiontotheHackletonsignboardofthePiddingtonnailonwhichheusedtofixhisthreadwhileteachingthechildren。

Butthatwhichsanctifiedanddirectedthewholethroughoutaworkinglifeofmorethanhalfacentury，wasthemissionaryideaandthemissionaryconsecration。Withacautionnotoftenshownatthattimebybishopsinlayinghandsonthosewhomtheyhadpassedfordeacon'sorders，thelittlechurchatOlneythusdealtwiththeFatherofModernMissionsbeforetheywouldrecognisehiscallandsendhimout"topreachthegospelwhereverGodinHisprovidencemightcallhim："

"June17，1785——ArequestfromWilliamCareyofMoulton，inNorthamptonshire，wastakenintoconsideration。HehasbeenandstillisinconnectionwithasocietyofpeopleatHackleton。HeisoccasionallyengagedwithacceptanceinvariousplacesinspeakingtheWord。Hebearsaverygoodmoralcharacter。HeisdesirousofbeingsentoutfromsomereputablechurchofChristintotheworkoftheministry。TheprincipalQuestionwas——'Inwhatmannershallwereceivehim？byaletterfromthepeopleofHackleton，oronaprofessionoffaith，etc。？'ThefinalresolutionofitwaslefttoanotherchurchMeeting。

"July14——Ch。Meeting。W。CareyappearedbeforetheChurch，andhavinggivenasatisfactoryaccountoftheworkofGoduponhissoul，hewasadmittedamember。HehadbeenformerlybaptisedbytheRev。Mr。Ryland，jun。，ofNorthampton。HewasinvitedbytheChurchtopreachinpubliconcenextLord'sDay。

"July17——Ch。Meeting，Lord'sDayEvening。W。Carey，inconsequenceofarequestfromtheChurch，preachedthisEvening。

Afterwhichitwasresolvedthatheshouldbeallowedtogoonpreachingatthoseplaceswherehehasbeenforsometimeemployed，andthatheshouldengageagainonsuitableoccasionsforsometimebeforeus，inorderthatfarthertrialmaybemadeofministerialgifts。

"June16，1786——C。M。ThecaseofBror。Careywasconsidered，andanunanimoussatisfactionwithhisministerialabilitiesbeingexpressed，avotewaspassedtocallhimtotheMinistryatapropertime。

"August10——Ch。Meeting。ThiseveningourBrotherWilliamCareywascalledtotheworkoftheMinistry，andsentoutbytheChurchtopreachtheGospel，whereverGodinHisprovidencemightcallhim。

"April29，1787——Ch。M。AftertheOrde。ourBrotherWilliamCareywasdismissedtotheChurchofChristatMoultoninNorthamptonshirewithaviewtohisOrdinationthere。"

ThesewerethelastyearsatOlneyofWilliamCowperbeforeheremovedtotheThrockmortons'houseatWestonvillage，twomilesdistant。Careymustoftenhaveseenthepoetduringthetwentyyearswhichhespentinthecornerhouseofthemarket-square，andinthewalksaround。Hemusthavereadthepoemsof1782，whichforthefirsttimedojusticetomissionaryenterprise。HemusthavehailedwhatMrs。Browningcalls"thedeathlesssinging"whichin1785，inTheTask，openedanewerainEnglishliterature。HemayhavebeenfiredwiththedesiretoimitateWhitefield，inthedescriptionofwhom，thoughreluctanttonamehim，CowperreallyanticipatedCareyhimself：——

"HefollowedPaul；hiszealakindredflame，Hisapostoliccharitythesame；

Likehimcrossedcheerfullytempestuousseas，Forsakingcountry，kindred，friendsandease；

Likehimhelabouredand，likehim，contentTobearit，sufferedshamewhere'erhewent。"

CHAPTERII

THEBIRTHOFENGLAND'SFOREIGNMISSIONS

1785-1792

MoultontheMission'sbirthplace——Carey'sfeverandpoverty——HisMoultonschool——Firedwiththemissionaryidea——Hisverylargemissionarymap——Fuller'sconfessionoftheagedandrespectableministers'opposition——OldMr。Ryland'srebuke——DriventopublishhisEnquiry——Itsliterarycharacter——Carey'ssurveyoftheworldin1788——Hismotives，difficulties，andplans——ProjectsthefirstMissionarySociety——ContrastedwithhispredecessorsfromErasmus——PrayerconcertbeguninScotlandin1742——JonathanEdwards——TheNorthamptonshireBaptistmovementin1784——AndrewFuller——TheBaptists，ParticularandGeneral——AntinomianandSocinianextremesopposedtoMissions——MetbyFuller'swritingsandClipstonesermon——Carey'sagonyatcontinueddelay——HisworkinLeicester——HissermonatNottingham——FoundationofBaptistMissionarySocietyatlast——KetteringandJerusalem。

Thenorthroad，whichrunsfortwelvemilesfromNorthamptontoKettering，passesthroughacountryknownlastcenturyforthedoingsofthePytchleyHunt。Stories，bynomeansexaggerated，ofthedeepdrinkinganddeeperplayoftheclub，whosegatehousenowstandsattheentranceofOverstonePark，wererife，whenonLadyDay1785WilliamCareybecameBaptistpreacherofMoultonvillage，ontheothersideoftheroad。Moultonwastobecomethebirthplaceofthemodernmissionaryidea；Kettering，ofevangelicalmissionaryaction。

NomaninEnglandhadapparentlyamorewretchedlotormoremiserableprospectsthanhe。Hehadstartedinlifeasajourneymanshoemakerateighteen，burdenedwithapaymenttohisfirstmaster'swidowwhichhisownkindhearthadledhimtooffer，andwiththepriceofhissecondmaster'sstockandbusiness。Tradewasgoodforthemoment，andhehadmarried，beforehewastwenty，onewhobroughthimthemostterriblesorrowamancanbear。Hehadnosoonercompletedalargeorderforwhichhispredecessorhadcontractedthanitwasreturnedonhishands。Fromplacetoplacehewearilytrudged，tryingtoselltheshoes。Fevercarriedoffhisfirstchildandbroughthimselfsoneartothegravethathesentforhismothertohelpinthenursing。AtPiddingtonheworkedearlyandlateathisgarden，butague，causedbyaneighbouringmarsh，returnedandlefthimsobaldthatheworeawigthereafteruntilhisvoyagetoIndia。DuringhispreachingformorethanthreeyearsatBarton，whichinvolvedawalkofsixteenmiles，hedidnotreceivefromthepoorfolksenoughtopayfortheclothesheworeoutintheirservice。Hisyoungerbrotherdelicatelycametohishelp，andhereceivedthegiftwithapathetictenderness。Butacallingwhichatoncestarvedhim，inspiteofallhismethodandperseverance，andcrampedtheardourofhissoulforservicetotheMasterwhohadrevealedHimselfinhim，becamedistasteful。HegladlyacceptedaninvitationfromthesomewhatdisorganisedchurchatMoultontopreachtothem。Theycouldofferhimonlyabout？0ayear，supplementedby？fromaLondonfund。Buttheschoolmasterhadjustleft，andCareysawinthatfactanewhope。Foratimeheandhisfamilymanagedtoliveonanincomewhichisestimatedasneverexceeding？6ayear。Wefindthispassageinaprintedappealmadebythe"verypoorcongregation"forfundstorepairandenlargethechapeltowhichthenewpastor'spreachinghadattractedacrowd：——"Thepeculiarsituationofourminister，Mr。Carey，rendersitimpossibleforustosendhimfarabroadtocollecttheContributionsoftheCharitable；asweareabletoraisehimbutaboutTenPoundsperAnnum，sothatheisobligedtokeepaSchoolforhisSupport：AndasthereareothertwoSchoolsintheTown，ifhewastoleaveHometocollectfortheBuilding，hemustprobablyquithisStationonhisReturn，forWantofaMaintenance。"

Hisgenialloving-kindnessandhisfastincreasinglearninglittlefittedhimtodrillpeasantchildreninthealphabet。"WhenIkeptschooltheboyskeptme，"heusedtoconfesswithamerrytwinkle。

InallthatourLordmeantbyitWilliamCareywasachildfromfirsttolast。Theformerteacherreturned，andthepoorpreacheragaintooktoshoemakingforthevillageclownsandtheshopsinKetteringandNorthampton。Hishousestillstands，oneofarowofsixcottagesofthedearoldEnglishtype，withtheindispensablegardenbehind，andthegladsunshinepouringinthroughtheopenwindowemboweredinrosesandhoneysuckle。

There，andchieflyintheschool-hoursashetriedtoteachthechildrengeographyandtheBibleandwasallthewhileteachinghimself，themissionaryideaaroseinhismind，andhissoulbecamefiredwiththeself-consecration，unknowntoWyclifandHus，LutherandCalvin，KnoxandevenBunyan，fortheirswasotherwork。Allhispastknowledgeofnatureandofbooks，allhisfavouritereadingofvoyagesandoftravelswhichhadledhisschool-fellowstodubhimColumbus，allhispainfulstudyoftheWord，hisexperienceoftheloveofChristandexpoundingsofthemeaningofHismessagetomenforsixyears，weregatheredup，wereintensified，andweredirectedwithaconcentratedpowertothethoughtthatChristdied，asforhim，soforthesemillionsofdarksavageswhomCookwasrevealingtoChristendom，andwhohadneverheardthegladtidingsofgreatjoy。

CareyhadceasedtokeepschoolwhentheMoultonBaptists，whocouldsubscribenomorethantwopenceamontheachfortheirownpoor，formallycalledthepreachertobecometheirordainedpastor，andRyland，Sutcliff，andFullerwereaskedtoordainhimonthe10thAugust1786。Fullerhaddiscoveredthevalueofamanwhohadpassedthroughspiritualexperience，andpossessedanativecommonsenselikehisown，whenCareyhadbeensuddenlycalledtopreachinNorthamptontosupplytheplaceofanother。SincethatdayhehadoftenvisitedMoulton，andhethustellsuswhathehadseen：——

"Thecongregationbeingfewandpoor，hefollowedhisbusinessinordertoassistinsupportinghisfamily。Hismind，however，wasmuchoccupiedinacquiringthelearnedlanguages，andalmosteveryotherbranchofusefulknowledge。Iremember，ongoingintotheroomwhereheemployedhimselfathisbusiness，Isawhangingupagainstthewallaverylargemap，consistingofseveralsheetsofpaperpastedtogetherbyhimself，onwhichhehaddrawn，withapen，aplaceforeverynationintheknownworld，andenteredintoitwhateverhemetwithinreading，relativetoitspopulation，religion，etc。ThesubstanceofthiswasafterwardspublishedinhisEnquiry。Theseresearches，onwhichhismindwasnaturallybent，hinderedhim，ofcourse，fromdoingmuchofhisbusiness；andthepeople，aswassaid，beingfewandpoor，hewasatthistimeexposedtogreathardships。Ihavebeenassuredthatheandhisfamilyhavelivedforagreatwhiletogetherwithouttastinganimalfood，andwithbutascantypittanceofotherprovision。"

"Hewouldalsobefrequentlyconversingwithhisbrethrenintheministryonthepracticabilityandimportanceofamissiontotheheathen，andofhiswillingnesstoengageinit。Atseveralministers'meetings，betweentheyear1787and1790，thiswasthetopicofhisconversation。Someofourmostagedandrespectableministersthought，Ibelieve，atthattime，thatitwasawildandimpracticableschemethathehadgotinhismind，andthereforegavehimnoencouragement。Yethewouldnotgiveitup；butwouldconversewithus，onebyone，tillhehadmadesomeimpressionuponus。"

Thepictureiscompletedbyhissister：——

"Hewasalways，fromhisfirstbeingthoughtful，remarkablyimpressedaboutheathenlandsandtheslave-trade。Ineverrememberhisengaginginprayer，inhisfamilyorinpublic，withoutprayingforthosepoorcreatures。ThefirsttimeIeverrecollectmyfeelingfortheheathenworld，wasfromadiscourseIheardmybrotherpreachatMoulton，thefirstsummerafterIwasthoughtful。

Itwasfromthesewords：——'ForZion'ssakewillInotholdmypeace，andforJerusalem'ssakewillIgivehimnorest。'Itwasadaytoberememberedbyme；adaysetapartforprayerandfastingbythechurch。WhathathGodwroughtsincethattime！"

OldMr。Rylandalwaysfailedtorecallthestory，butwehaveitonthetestimonyofCarey'spersonalfriend，MorrisofClipstone，whowaspresentatthemeetingofministersheldin1786atNorthampton，atwhichtheincidentoccurred。Rylandinvitedtheyoungerbrethrentoproposeasubjectfordiscussion。Therewasnoreply，tillatlasttheMoultonpreachersuggested，doubtlesswithanill-restrainedexcitement，"whetherthecommandgiventotheApostles，toteachallnations，wasnotobligatoryonallsucceedingministerstotheendoftheworld，seeingthattheaccompanyingpromisewasofequalextent。"NeitherFullernorCareyhimselfhadyetdeliveredtheParticularBaptistsfromtheyokeofhyper-calvinismwhichhadtothathourshuttheheathenoutofadeadChristendom，andtheagedchairmanshoutedouttherebuke——"Youareamiserableenthusiastforaskingsuchaquestion。CertainlynothingcanbedonebeforeanotherPentecost，whenaneffusionofmiraculousgifts，includingthegiftoftongues，willgiveeffecttothecommissionofChristasatfirst。"Careyhadneverbeforementionedthesubjectopenly，andhewasforthemomentgreatlymortified。But，saysMorris，hestillponderedthesethingsinhisheart。ThatincidentmarksthewidegulfwhichCareyhadtobridge。

Silencedbyhisbrethren，hehadrecoursetothepress。Itwasthenthathewrotehisowncontributiontothediscussionhewouldhaveraisedonadutywhichwasmorethanseventeencenturiesold，andhadbeenforfourteenoftheseneglected：AnEnquiryintotheObligationsofChristianstouseMeansfortheConversionoftheHeathens，inwhichtheReligiousStateoftheDifferentNationsoftheWorld，theSuccessofFormerUndertakings，andthePracticabilityofFurtherUndertakings，areconsideredbyWILLIAM

CAREY。ThenfollowsthegreatconclusionofPaulinhislettertotheRomans(x。12-15)："ForthereisnodifferencebetweentheJewandtheGreek……Howshalltheypreachexcepttheybesent？"HehappenedtobeinBirminghamin1786collectingsubscriptionsfortherebuildingofthechapelinMoulton，whenMr。ThomasPotts，whohadmadeafortuneintradewithAmerica，discoveringthathehadpreparedthemanuscript，gavehim？0topublishit。AnditappearedatLeicesterin1792，"priceoneshillingandsixpence，"

theprofitstogototheproposedmission。Thepamphletformdoubtlessaccountsforitsdisappearancenow；onlyfourcopiesoftheoriginaledition4areknowntobeinexistence。

ThisEnquiryhasaliteraryinterestofitsown，asacontributiontothestatisticsandgeographyoftheworld，writteninaculturedandalmostfinishedstyle，suchasfew，ifany，Universitymenofthatdaycouldhaveproduced，fornonewereimpelledbysuchamotiveasCareyhad。Inanobscurevillage，toilingsavewhenheslept，andfindingrestonSundayonlybyachangeoftoil，farfromlibrariesandthesocietyofmenwithmoreadvantagesthanhisown，thisshoemaker，stillunderthirty，surveysthewholeworld，continentbycontinent，islandbyisland，racebyrace，faithbyfaith，kingdombykingdom，tabulatinghisresultswithanaccuracy，andfollowingthemupwithalogicalpowerofgeneralisationwhichwouldextorttheadmirationofthelearnedevenofthepresentday。

HavingprovedthatthecommissiongivenbyourLordtoHisdisciplesisstillbindingonus，havingreviewedformerundertakingsfortheconversionoftheheathenfromtheAscensiontotheMoraviansand"thelateMr。Wesley"intheWestIndies，andhavingthussurveyedindetailthestateoftheworldin1786，heremovesthefiveimpedimentsinthewayofcarryingtheGospelamongtheheathen，whichhiscontemporariesadvanced——theirdistancefromus，theirbarbarism，thedangerofbeingkilledbythem，thedifficultyofprocuringthenecessariesoflife，theunintelligiblenessoftheirlanguages。ThesehislovingheartandBibleknowledgeenablehimskilfullytoturninfavourofthecausehepleads。ThewholesectionisessentialtoanappreciationofCarey'smotives，difficulties，andplans：——

"FIRST，Astotheirdistancefromus，whateverobjectionsmighthavebeenmadeonthataccountbeforetheinventionofthemariner'scompass，nothingcanbeallegedforitwithanycolourofplausibilityinthepresentage。MencannowsailwithasmuchcertaintythroughtheGreatSouthSeaastheycanthroughtheMediterraneanoranylessersea。Yea，andprovidenceseemsinamannertoinviteustothetrial，astherearetoourknowledgetradingcompanies，whosecommerceliesinmanyoftheplaceswherethesebarbariansdwell。Atonetimeorothershipsaresenttovisitplacesofmorerecentdiscovery，andtoexplorepartsthemostunknown；andeveryfreshaccountoftheirignoranceorcrueltyshouldcallforthourpity，andexciteustoconcurwithprovidenceinseekingtheireternalgood。Scripturelikewiseseemstopointoutthismethod，'SurelytheIslesshallwaitforme；theshipsofTarshishfirst，tobringmysonsfromfar，theirsilverandtheirgoldwiththem，untothenameoftheLord，thyGod。'——Isai。lx。9。

Thisseemstoimplythatinthetimeofthegloriousincreaseofthechurch，inthelatterdays(ofwhichthewholechapterisundoubtedlyaprophecy)，commerceshallsubservethespreadofthegospel。TheshipsofTarshishweretradingvessels，whichmadevoyagesfortraffictovariousparts；thusmuchthereforemustbemeantbyit，thatnavigation，especiallythatwhichiscommercial，shallbeonegreatmeanofcarryingontheworkofGod；andperhapsitmayimplythatthereshallbeaveryconsiderableappropriationofwealthtothatpurpose。

"SECONDLY，Astotheiruncivilisedandbarbarouswayofliving，thiscanbenoobjectiontoany，exceptthosewhoseloveofeaserendersthemunwillingtoexposethemselvestoinconveniencesforthegoodofothers。Itwasnoobjectiontotheapostlesandtheirsuccessors，whowentamongthebarbarousGermansandGauls，andstillmorebarbarousBritons！Theydidnotwaitfortheancientinhabitantsofthesecountriestobecivilisedbeforetheycouldbechristianised，butwentsimplywiththedoctrineofthecross；andTertulliancouldboastthat'thosepartsofBritainwhichwereproofagainsttheRomanarmies，wereconqueredbythegospelofChrist。'

ItwasnoobjectiontoanEliotoraBrainerd，inlatertimes。

Theywentforth，andencounteredeverydifficultyofthekind，andfoundthatacordialreceptionofthegospelproducedthosehappyeffectswhichthelongestintercoursewithEuropeanswithoutitcouldneveraccomplish。Itisnoobjectiontocommercialmen。Itonlyrequiresthatweshouldhaveasmuchlovetothesoulsofourfellow-creatures，andfellow-sinners，astheyhavefortheprofitsarisingfromafewotter-skins，andallthesedifficultieswouldbeeasilysurmounted。

"Afterall，theuncivilisedstateoftheheathen，insteadofaffordinganobjectionagainstpreachingthegospeltothem，oughttofurnishanargumentforit。Canweasmen，orasChristians，hearthatagreatpartofourfellow-creatures，whosesoulsareasimmortalasours，andwhoareascapableasourselvesofadorningthegospelandcontributingbytheirpreachings，writings，orpracticestothegloryofourRedeemer'snameandthegoodofhischurch，areenvelopedinignoranceandbarbarism？Canwehearthattheyarewithoutthegospel，withoutgovernment，withoutlaws，andwithoutarts，andsciences；andnotexertourselvestointroduceamongthemthesentimentsofmen，andofChristians？Wouldnotthespreadofthegospelbethemosteffectualmeanoftheircivilisation？Wouldnotthatmakethemusefulmembersofsociety？

Weknowthatsucheffectsdidinameasurefollowtheafore-mentionedeffortsofEliot，Brainerd，andothersamongsttheAmericanIndians；andifsimilarattemptsweremadeinotherpartsoftheworld，andsucceededwithadivineblessing(whichwehaveeveryreasontothinktheywould)，mightwenotexpecttoseeabledivines，orreadwell-conductedtreatisesindefenceofthetruth，evenamongstthosewhoatpresentseemtobescarcelyhuman？

"THIRDLY，Inrespecttothedangerofbeingkilledbythem，itistruethatwhoeverdoesgomustputhislifeinhishand，andnotconsultwithfleshandblood；butdonotthegoodnessofthecause，thedutiesincumbentonusasthecreaturesofGodandChristians，andtheperishingstateofourfellow-men，loudlycalluponustoventureall，anduseeverywarrantableexertionfortheirbenefit？

PaulandBarnabas，whohazardedtheirlivesforthenameofourLordJesusChrist，werenotblamedasbeingrash，butcommendedforsodoing；whileJohnMark，whothroughtimidityofminddesertedthemintheirperilousundertaking，wasbrandedwithcensure。Afterall，ashasbeenalreadyobserved，Igreatlyquestionwhethermostofthebarbaritiespractisedbythesavagesuponthosewhohavevisitedthem，havenotoriginatedinsomerealorsupposedaffront，andweretherefore，moreproperly，actsofself-defence，thanproofsofferociousdispositions。Nowonderiftheimprudenceofsailorsshouldpromptthemtooffendthesimplesavage，andtheoffenceberesented；butEliot，Brainerd，andtheMoravianmissionarieshavebeenveryseldommolested。Nay，ingeneraltheheathenhaveshowedawillingnesstoheartheword；andhaveprincipallyexpressedtheirhatredofChristianityonaccountofthevicesofnominalChristians。

"FOURTHLY，Astothedifficultyofprocuringthenecessariesoflife，thiswouldnotbesogreatasmayappearatfirstsight；for，thoughwecouldnotprocureEuropeanfood，yetwemightprocuresuchasthenativesofthosecountrieswhichwevisit，subsistuponthemselves。Andthiswouldonlybepassingthroughwhatwehavevirtuallyengagedinbyenteringontheministerialoffice。A

Christianministerisapersonwhoinapeculiarsenseisnothisown；heistheservantofGod，andthereforeoughttobewhollydevotedtohim。Byenteringonthatsacredofficehesolemnlyundertakestobealwaysengaged，asmuchaspossible，intheLord'swork，andnottochoosehisownpleasure，oremployment，orpursuetheministryasasomethingthatistosubservehisownends，orinterests，orasakindofbye-work。HeengagestogowhereGodpleases，andtodoorendurewhatheseesfittocommand，orcallhimto，intheexerciseofhisfunction。Hevirtuallybidsfarewelltofriends，pleasures，andcomforts，andstandsinreadinesstoendurethegreatestsufferingsintheworkofhisLord，andMaster。

Itisinconsistentforministerstopleasethemselveswiththoughtsofanumerousauditory，cordialfriends，acivilisedcountry，legalprotection，affluence，splendour，orevenacompetency。Theslights，andhatredofmen，andevenpretendedfriends，gloomyprisons，andtortures，thesocietyofbarbariansofuncouthspeech，miserableaccommodationsinwretchedwildernesses，hunger，andthirst，nakedness，weariness，andpainfulness，hardwork，andbutlittleworldlyencouragement，shouldratherbetheobjectsoftheirexpectation。Thustheapostlesacted，intheprimitivetimes，andenduredhardness，asgoodsoldiersofJesusChrist；andthoughwe，livinginacivilisedcountrywhereChristianityisprotectedbylaw，arenotcalledtosufferthesethingswhilewecontinuehere，yetIquestionwhetherallarejustifiedinstayinghere，whilesomanyareperishingwithoutmeansofgraceinotherlands。SureIamthatitisentirelycontrarytothespiritofthegospelforitsministerstoenteruponitfrominterestedmotives，orwithgreatworldlyexpectations。Onthecontrary，thecommissionisasufficientcalltothemtoventureall，and，liketheprimitiveChristians，goeverywherepreachingthegospel。

"Itmightbenecessary，however，fortwo，atleast，togotogether，andingeneralIshouldthinkitbestthattheyshouldbemarriedmen，andtopreventtheirtimefrombeingemployedinprocuringnecessaries，two，ormore，otherpersons，withtheirwivesandfamilies，mightalsoaccompanythem，whoshouldbewhollyemployedinprovidingforthem。Inmostcountriesitwouldbenecessaryforthemtocultivatealittlespotofgroundjustfortheirsupport，whichwouldbearesourcetothem，whenevertheirsuppliesfailed。

Nottomentiontheadvantagestheywouldreapfromeachother'scompany，itwouldtakeofftheenormousexpensewhichhasalwaysattendedundertakingsofthiskind，thefirstexpensebeingthewhole；forthoughalargecolonyneedssupportforaconsiderabletime，yetsosmallanumberwould，uponreceivingthefirstcrop，maintainthemselves。Theywouldhavetheadvantageofchoosingtheirsituation，theirwantswouldbefew；thewomen，andeventhechildren，wouldbenecessaryfordomesticpurposes：andafewarticlesofstock，asacowortwo，andabull，andafewothercattleofbothsexes，averyfewutensilsofhusbandry，andsomecorntosowtheirland，wouldbesufficient。Thosewhoattendthemissionariesshouldunderstandhusbandry，fishing，fowling，etc。，andbeprovidedwiththenecessaryimplementsforthesepurposes。

Indeed，avarietyofmethodsmaybethoughtof，andwhenoncetheworkisundertaken，manythingswillsuggestthemselvestous，ofwhichweatpresentcanformnoidea。

"FIFTHLY，Astolearningtheirlanguages，thesamemeanswouldbefoundnecessaryhereasintradebetweendifferentnations。Insomecasesinterpretersmightbeobtained，whomightbeemployedforatime；andwherethesewerenottobefound，themissionariesmusthavepatience，andminglewiththepeople，tilltheyhavelearnedsomuchoftheirlanguageastobeabletocommunicatetheirideastotheminit。Itiswellknowntorequirenoveryextraordinarytalentstolearn，inthespaceofayear，ortwoatmost，thelanguageofanypeopleuponearth，somuchofitatleastastobeabletoconveyanysentimentswewishtotheirunderstandings。

"TheMissionariesmustbemenofgreatpiety，prudence，courage，andforbearance；ofundoubtedorthodoxyintheirsentiments，andmustenterwithalltheirheartsintothespiritoftheirmission；theymustbewillingtoleaveallthecomfortsoflifebehindthem，andtoencounterallthehardshipsofatorridorafrigidclimate，anuncomfortablemannerofliving，andeveryotherinconveniencethatcanattendthisundertaking。Clothing，afewknives，powderandshot，fishing-tackle，andthearticlesofhusbandryabovementioned，mustbeprovidedforthem；andwhenarrivedattheplaceoftheirdestination，theirfirstbusinessmustbetogainsomeacquaintancewiththelanguageofthenatives(forwhichpurposetwowouldbebetterthanone)，andbyalllawfulmeanstoendeavourtocultivateafriendshipwiththem，andassoonaspossibleletthemknowtheerrandforwhichtheyweresent。Theymustendeavourtoconvincethemthatitwastheirgoodalonewhichinducedthemtoforsaketheirfriends，andallthecomfortsoftheirnativecountry。Theymustbeverycarefulnottoresentinjurieswhichmaybeofferedtothem，nortothinkhighlyofthemselves，soastodespisethepoorheathens，andbythosemeanslayafoundationfortheirresentmentorrejectionofthegospel。Theymusttakeeveryopportunityofdoingthemgood，andlabouringandtravellingnightandday，theymustinstruct，exhort，andrebuke，withalllongsufferingandanxiousdesireforthem，and，aboveall，mustbeinstantinprayerfortheeffusionoftheHolySpirituponthepeopleoftheircharge。

Letbutmissionariesoftheabovedescriptionengageinthework，andweshallseethatitisnotimpracticable。

【推荐阅读】幽幽深宫，醒来一梦似千年，重生于下堂妃身躯中的她，将如何手刃仇人? 点击阅读